Incidence, Prognostic Factors, and Survival of Gastric Cancer in Iran: A review of evidence
,
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most prevalent cancer and the fourth in terms of cancer-related death worldwide. The GC is the most commonly diagnosed and the most important cause of cancer-related death in Iranian. Due to the heavy burden of stomach cancer in Iran, we aimed to review all articles that have been conducted on the Incidence, Prognostic Factors, and survival of Gastric Cancer in Iran and compare them with the global situation. We surveyed google scholar, Pub Med, Scopus, Web of Science (ISI), and Science Direct databases using the keywords of Gastric Cancer, Stomach Cancer, Gastric Neoplasm, Stomach Neoplasm, and Iran and obtained English language articles. After a two-step screening of articles, 52 out of 202 remained eligible for our study (related to Incidence, Prognostic Factors, and survival of stomach Cancer in Iran). We found that although Iran is one of the high-burden countries for GC, the incidence rate, and mortality rate are very different in different provinces (up to a six-fold and thirty-fold difference in mortality rate and incidence rate have been reported respectively in reviewed articles between Northern and Southern Iran). Considering that the initial stage is one of the most important and perhaps the most important prognostic factors, through upper endoscopy screening, the disease can be diagnosed in earlier stages and the survival of patients can be improved. We recommend the Ministry of Health prioritize people according to their combination of risk factors (especially geographical region) and make a national cost-effective screening algorithm for Iran.
1. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al (2021) Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA cancer j clin.
2. Zayeri F, Mansouri A, Sheidaei A, et al (2016) Evaluation of the Trends of Stomach Cancer Incidence in Districts of Iran from 2000-2010: Application of a Random Effects Markov Model. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 17:661-665.
3. Mohagheghi S, MOUSAVI JS, Malekzadeh R, et al (2009) Cancer incidence in Tehran metropolis: the first report from the Tehran Population-based Cancer Registry, 1998–2001.
4. Amori N, Aghajani M, Asgarian FS, et al (2017) Epidemiology and trend of common cancers in Iran (2004-2008). European journal of cancer care 26.
5. Somi MH, Golzari M, Farhang S, et al (2014) Gastrointestinal cancer incidence in East Azerbaijan, Iran: update on 5 year incidence and trends. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 15:3945-3949.
6. Zendehdel K, Marzban M, Nahvijou A, et al (2012) Six-fold difference in the stomach cancer mortality rate between northern and southern Iran. Archives of Iranian medicine 15:741-746.
7. Fattahi N, Moghaddam SS, Rezaei N, et al (2022) The national trend of the gastric cancer burden in Iran from 1990 to 2017. Asia‐Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology 18:e96-e102.
8. Moradian F, Fararouei M, Karami M, et al (2022) Trend of geographical distribution of stomach cancer in Iran from 2004 to 2014. BMC gastroenterology 22:1-8.
9. Asmarian N, Jafari-Koshki T, Soleimani A, et al (2016) Area-to-area poisson kriging and spatial bayesian analysis in mapping of gastric cancer incidence in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP 17:4587.
10. Kavousi A, Bashiri Y, Mehrabi Y, et al (2014) Identifying high-risk clusters of gastric cancer incidence in Iran, 2004 - 2009. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 15:10335-10337.
11. Pakzad R, Khani Y, Pakzad I, et al (2016) Spatial Analysis of Stomach Cancer Incidence in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 17:27-32.
12. Rastaghi S, Jafari-Koshki T, Mahaki B, et al (2019) Trends and risk factors of gastric cancer in Iran (2005–2010). International journal of preventive medicine 10.
13. Yazdizadeh B, Jarrahi AM, Mortazavi H, et al (2005) Time trends in the occurrence of major GI cancers in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 6:130-134.
14. Solimany A, Khoramdad M, Khademi N, et al (2018) Spatio-Temporal Study of Gastric Cancer Incidence in Kermanshah Province, Iran During the Years 2009-2014. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 19:2871-2876.
15. Norouzinia M, Asadzadeh H, Shalmani HM, et al (2012) Clinical and histological indicators of proximal and distal gastric cancer in eight provinces of Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 13:5677-5679.
16. Almasi Z, Rafiemanesh H, Salehiniya H (2015) Epidemiology characteristics and trends of incidence and morphology of stomach cancer in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 16:2757-2761.
17. Ghadimi R, Taheri H, Suzuki S, et al (2007) Host and environmental factors for gastric cancer in Babol, the Caspian Sea Coast, Iran. European journal of cancer prevention 16:192-195.
18. Babaei M, Mousavi S, Malek M, et al (2005) Cancer occurrence in Semnan Province, Iran: results of a population-based cancer registry. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention:159-164.
19. Amani F, Ahari SS, Barzegari S, et al (2015) Analysis of Relationships between Altitude and Distance from Volcano with Stomach Cancer Incidence Using a Geographic Information System. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 16:6889-6894.
20. Marjani A, Kabir MJ, Semnani S (2007) Stomach cancer incidence among males in Golestan province, Iran. Indian Journal of Gastroenterology 26.
21. Alireza S, Mehdi N, Ali M, et al (2005) Cancer occurrence in Iran in 2002, an international perspective. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention 6:359.
22. Haghighi P, Nasr K (1971) Gastrointestinal cancer in Iran. Journal of chronic diseases 24:625-633.
23. Darabi M, Asadi Lari M, Motevalian SA, et al (2016) Trends in gastrointestinal cancer incidence in Iran, 2001-2010: a joinpoint analysis. Epidemiology and health 38:e2016056.
24. Petrelli F, Ghidini M, Barni S, et al (2017) Prognostic role of primary tumor location in non-metastatic gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 50 studies. Annals of surgical oncology 24:2655-2668.
25. Ferlay J, Steliarova-Foucher E, Lortet-Tieulent J, et al (2013) Cancer incidence and mortality patterns in Europe: estimates for 40 countries in 2012. European journal of cancer 49:1374-1403.
26. Ghidini M, Donida B, Totaro L, et al (2020) Prognostic factors associated with survival in a large cohort of gastric cancer patients resected over a decade at a single Italian center: the Cremona experience. Clinical and Translational Oncology 22:1004-1012.
27. Mocellin S, McCulloch P, Kazi H, et al (2015) Extent of lymph node dissection for adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
28. Mocellin S, Nitti D (2015) Lymphadenectomy extent and survival of patients with gastric carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of time-to-event data from randomized trials. Cancer treatment reviews 41:448-454.
29. Korhani Kangi A, Bahrampour A (2018) Predicting the Survival of Gastric Cancer Patients Using Artificial and Bayesian Neural Networks. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 19:487-490.
30. Moghimi-Dehkordi B, Safaee A, Fatemi R, et al (2010) Impact of age on prognosis in Iranian patients with gastric carcinoma: review of 742 cases. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 11:335-338.
31. Khedmat H, Amini M, Ghamar-Chehreh ME, et al (2014) Unfavorable survival rates in Iranian patients with gastric cancers: a single center experience from Tehran. Acta medica Iranica 52:210-214.
32. Moghimi-Dehkordi B, Safaee A, Pourhoseingholi MA, et al (2008) Effect of demographic and clinicopathologic factors on prognosis of early gastric cancer in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 9:585-588.
33. Moghimi-Dehkordi B, Safaee A, Ghiasi S, et al (2009) Survival in Gastric Cancer Patients: Univariate and Multivariate Analysis. East African journal of public health 6:41-44.
34. Zeraati H, Amiri Z (2016) Estimating postoperative survival of gastric cancer patients and factors affecting it in Iran: Based on a TNM-7 Staging System. Acta medica Iranica:114-118.
35. Yousefli Z, Goshayeshi L, Miri HH, et al (2021) Survival Rate of Patients with Gastric Cancer and effective factors in two referral hospitals of Mashhad, Iran: A Multiple Regression Analysis. Electronic Physician 13:7831-7837.
36. Howlader N, Noone A, Krapcho M, et al (2015) SEER cancer statistics review, 1975–2012. National Cancer Institute.
37. Zeraati H, Mahmoudi M, Kazemnejad A, et al (2006) Postoperative survival in gastric cancer patients and its associated factors: A time dependent covariates model. Iranian Journal of Public Health 35:40-46.
38. Zare A, Mahmoodi M, Mohammad K, et al (2013) Survival analysis of patients with gastric cancer undergoing surgery at the iran cancer institute: a method based on multi-state models. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 14:6369-6373.
39. Talaiezadeh A, Noroozi M, Nazari P, et al (2021) The five-year survival of gastric cancer patients with a focus on its prognostic factors. Journal of Preventive Epidemiology 7:e06-e06.
40. Khedmat H, Panahian M, Mashahdian M, et al (2011) Prognostic factors and survival in stomach cancer–analysis of 15 years of data from a referral hospital in iran and evaluation of international variation. Oncology Research and Treatment 34:178-182.
41. Roshanaei G, Ghannad MS, Jafarabadi MA, et al (2011) Prognostic impact of risk factors in patients with gastric cancer in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 12:3005-3008.
42. Eskandar H, Hossein SSM, Rahim M, et al (2006) Clinical profile of gastric cancer in Khuzestan, southwest of Iran. World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG 12:4832.
43. Salimzadeh H, Delavari F, Sauvaget C, et al (2018) Annual Trends of Gastrointestinal Cancers Mortality in Iran During 1990-2015; NASBOD Study. Archives of Iranian medicine 21:46-55.
44. Boreiri M, Samadi F, Etemadi A, et al (2013) Gastric cancer mortality in a high incidence area: long-term follow-up of Helicobacter pylori-related precancerous lesions in the general population. Archives of Iranian medicine 16:343-347.
45. Mohammadzadeh F, Noorkojuri H, Pourhoseingholi MA, et al (2015) Predicting the probability of mortality of gastric cancer patients using decision tree. Irish journal of medical science 184:277-284.
46. Karami N, Talebkhan Y, Saberi S, et al (2013) Seroreactivity to Helicobacter pylori antigens as a risk indicator of gastric cancer. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 14:1813-1817.
47. Mirmajidi SH, Ataee R, Barzegar A, et al (2015) Low Expression of the bcl2 Gene in Gastric Adenocarcinomas in Mazandaran Province of Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 16:6067-6071.
48. Sadighi S, Raafat J, Mohagheghi M, et al (2005) Gastric carcinoma: 5 year experience of a single institute. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 6:195-196.
49. Roshanaei G, Ghannad MS, Safari M, et al (2012) Prediction of time to recurrence and influencing factors for gastric cancer in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 13:2639-2642.
50. Maroufizadeh S, Hajizadeh E, Baghestani AR, et al (2011) Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in gastric cancer patients using additive hazards regression models. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 12:1697-1702.
51. Roshanaei G, Kazemnejad A, Sadighi S (2011) Assessment of risk factors affecting recurrence of patients with gastric cancer in the presence of informative censoring in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 12:2443-2446.
52. POURHOSSEIN GM, Faghihzadeh S, HAJIZADEH A, et al (2011) Trend analysis of gastric cancer and colorectal cancer mortality in Iran, 1995-2003.
53. Amoueian S, Attaranzadeh A, Montazer M (2015) Intratumoral CD68-, CD117-, CD56-, and CD1a-positive immune cells and the survival of Iranian patients with non-metastatic intestinal-type gastric carcinoma. Pathology, research and practice 211:326-331.
54. Bashash M, Yavari P, Hislop TG, et al (2011) Comparison of two diverse populations, British Columbia, Canada, and Ardabil, Iran, indicates several variables associated with gastric and esophageal cancer survival. Journal of gastrointestinal cancer 42:40-45.
55. Sheikh AF, Yadyad MJ, Goodarzi H, et al (2018) CagA and vacA allelic combination of Helicobacter pylori in gastroduodenal disorders. Microbial pathogenesis 122:144-150.
56. Latifi-Navid S, Mohammadi S, Maleki P, et al (2013) Helicobacter pylori vacA d1/-i1 genotypes and geographic differentiation between high and low incidence areas of gastric cancer in Iran. Archives of Iranian medicine 16:330-337.
57. Talebi Bezmin Abadi A, Rafiei A, Ajami A, et al (2011) Helicobacter pylori homB, but not cagA, is associated with gastric cancer in Iran. Journal of clinical microbiology 49:3191-3197.
58. Samadi F, NASR ED, Sajadi A, et al (2007) Survival rate of gastric and esophageal cancers in Ardabil province, North-West of Iran.
59. Sepideh S, Mohammadreza JN, Ali D, et al (2012) Study of the Murine Double Minute 2 status in patients with gastric and colorectal carcinomas and its correlation with prognostic factors. Indian journal of pathology & microbiology 55:192-195.
60. Moradi G, Karimi K, Esmailnasab N, et al (2016) Survival of Patients with Stomach Cancer and its Determinants in Kurdistan. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 17:3243-3248.
61. Sotoudeh K, Hashemi F, Madjd Z, et al (2012) The clinicopathologic association of c-MET overexpression in Iranian gastric carcinomas; an immunohistochemical study of tissue microarrays. Diagnostic pathology 7:57.
62. Pasechnikov V, Chukov S, Fedorov E, et al (2014) Gastric cancer: prevention, screening and early diagnosis. World journal of gastroenterology 20:13842-13862
2. Zayeri F, Mansouri A, Sheidaei A, et al (2016) Evaluation of the Trends of Stomach Cancer Incidence in Districts of Iran from 2000-2010: Application of a Random Effects Markov Model. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 17:661-665.
3. Mohagheghi S, MOUSAVI JS, Malekzadeh R, et al (2009) Cancer incidence in Tehran metropolis: the first report from the Tehran Population-based Cancer Registry, 1998–2001.
4. Amori N, Aghajani M, Asgarian FS, et al (2017) Epidemiology and trend of common cancers in Iran (2004-2008). European journal of cancer care 26.
5. Somi MH, Golzari M, Farhang S, et al (2014) Gastrointestinal cancer incidence in East Azerbaijan, Iran: update on 5 year incidence and trends. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 15:3945-3949.
6. Zendehdel K, Marzban M, Nahvijou A, et al (2012) Six-fold difference in the stomach cancer mortality rate between northern and southern Iran. Archives of Iranian medicine 15:741-746.
7. Fattahi N, Moghaddam SS, Rezaei N, et al (2022) The national trend of the gastric cancer burden in Iran from 1990 to 2017. Asia‐Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology 18:e96-e102.
8. Moradian F, Fararouei M, Karami M, et al (2022) Trend of geographical distribution of stomach cancer in Iran from 2004 to 2014. BMC gastroenterology 22:1-8.
9. Asmarian N, Jafari-Koshki T, Soleimani A, et al (2016) Area-to-area poisson kriging and spatial bayesian analysis in mapping of gastric cancer incidence in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP 17:4587.
10. Kavousi A, Bashiri Y, Mehrabi Y, et al (2014) Identifying high-risk clusters of gastric cancer incidence in Iran, 2004 - 2009. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 15:10335-10337.
11. Pakzad R, Khani Y, Pakzad I, et al (2016) Spatial Analysis of Stomach Cancer Incidence in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 17:27-32.
12. Rastaghi S, Jafari-Koshki T, Mahaki B, et al (2019) Trends and risk factors of gastric cancer in Iran (2005–2010). International journal of preventive medicine 10.
13. Yazdizadeh B, Jarrahi AM, Mortazavi H, et al (2005) Time trends in the occurrence of major GI cancers in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 6:130-134.
14. Solimany A, Khoramdad M, Khademi N, et al (2018) Spatio-Temporal Study of Gastric Cancer Incidence in Kermanshah Province, Iran During the Years 2009-2014. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 19:2871-2876.
15. Norouzinia M, Asadzadeh H, Shalmani HM, et al (2012) Clinical and histological indicators of proximal and distal gastric cancer in eight provinces of Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 13:5677-5679.
16. Almasi Z, Rafiemanesh H, Salehiniya H (2015) Epidemiology characteristics and trends of incidence and morphology of stomach cancer in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 16:2757-2761.
17. Ghadimi R, Taheri H, Suzuki S, et al (2007) Host and environmental factors for gastric cancer in Babol, the Caspian Sea Coast, Iran. European journal of cancer prevention 16:192-195.
18. Babaei M, Mousavi S, Malek M, et al (2005) Cancer occurrence in Semnan Province, Iran: results of a population-based cancer registry. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention:159-164.
19. Amani F, Ahari SS, Barzegari S, et al (2015) Analysis of Relationships between Altitude and Distance from Volcano with Stomach Cancer Incidence Using a Geographic Information System. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 16:6889-6894.
20. Marjani A, Kabir MJ, Semnani S (2007) Stomach cancer incidence among males in Golestan province, Iran. Indian Journal of Gastroenterology 26.
21. Alireza S, Mehdi N, Ali M, et al (2005) Cancer occurrence in Iran in 2002, an international perspective. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention 6:359.
22. Haghighi P, Nasr K (1971) Gastrointestinal cancer in Iran. Journal of chronic diseases 24:625-633.
23. Darabi M, Asadi Lari M, Motevalian SA, et al (2016) Trends in gastrointestinal cancer incidence in Iran, 2001-2010: a joinpoint analysis. Epidemiology and health 38:e2016056.
24. Petrelli F, Ghidini M, Barni S, et al (2017) Prognostic role of primary tumor location in non-metastatic gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 50 studies. Annals of surgical oncology 24:2655-2668.
25. Ferlay J, Steliarova-Foucher E, Lortet-Tieulent J, et al (2013) Cancer incidence and mortality patterns in Europe: estimates for 40 countries in 2012. European journal of cancer 49:1374-1403.
26. Ghidini M, Donida B, Totaro L, et al (2020) Prognostic factors associated with survival in a large cohort of gastric cancer patients resected over a decade at a single Italian center: the Cremona experience. Clinical and Translational Oncology 22:1004-1012.
27. Mocellin S, McCulloch P, Kazi H, et al (2015) Extent of lymph node dissection for adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
28. Mocellin S, Nitti D (2015) Lymphadenectomy extent and survival of patients with gastric carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of time-to-event data from randomized trials. Cancer treatment reviews 41:448-454.
29. Korhani Kangi A, Bahrampour A (2018) Predicting the Survival of Gastric Cancer Patients Using Artificial and Bayesian Neural Networks. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 19:487-490.
30. Moghimi-Dehkordi B, Safaee A, Fatemi R, et al (2010) Impact of age on prognosis in Iranian patients with gastric carcinoma: review of 742 cases. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 11:335-338.
31. Khedmat H, Amini M, Ghamar-Chehreh ME, et al (2014) Unfavorable survival rates in Iranian patients with gastric cancers: a single center experience from Tehran. Acta medica Iranica 52:210-214.
32. Moghimi-Dehkordi B, Safaee A, Pourhoseingholi MA, et al (2008) Effect of demographic and clinicopathologic factors on prognosis of early gastric cancer in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 9:585-588.
33. Moghimi-Dehkordi B, Safaee A, Ghiasi S, et al (2009) Survival in Gastric Cancer Patients: Univariate and Multivariate Analysis. East African journal of public health 6:41-44.
34. Zeraati H, Amiri Z (2016) Estimating postoperative survival of gastric cancer patients and factors affecting it in Iran: Based on a TNM-7 Staging System. Acta medica Iranica:114-118.
35. Yousefli Z, Goshayeshi L, Miri HH, et al (2021) Survival Rate of Patients with Gastric Cancer and effective factors in two referral hospitals of Mashhad, Iran: A Multiple Regression Analysis. Electronic Physician 13:7831-7837.
36. Howlader N, Noone A, Krapcho M, et al (2015) SEER cancer statistics review, 1975–2012. National Cancer Institute.
37. Zeraati H, Mahmoudi M, Kazemnejad A, et al (2006) Postoperative survival in gastric cancer patients and its associated factors: A time dependent covariates model. Iranian Journal of Public Health 35:40-46.
38. Zare A, Mahmoodi M, Mohammad K, et al (2013) Survival analysis of patients with gastric cancer undergoing surgery at the iran cancer institute: a method based on multi-state models. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 14:6369-6373.
39. Talaiezadeh A, Noroozi M, Nazari P, et al (2021) The five-year survival of gastric cancer patients with a focus on its prognostic factors. Journal of Preventive Epidemiology 7:e06-e06.
40. Khedmat H, Panahian M, Mashahdian M, et al (2011) Prognostic factors and survival in stomach cancer–analysis of 15 years of data from a referral hospital in iran and evaluation of international variation. Oncology Research and Treatment 34:178-182.
41. Roshanaei G, Ghannad MS, Jafarabadi MA, et al (2011) Prognostic impact of risk factors in patients with gastric cancer in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 12:3005-3008.
42. Eskandar H, Hossein SSM, Rahim M, et al (2006) Clinical profile of gastric cancer in Khuzestan, southwest of Iran. World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG 12:4832.
43. Salimzadeh H, Delavari F, Sauvaget C, et al (2018) Annual Trends of Gastrointestinal Cancers Mortality in Iran During 1990-2015; NASBOD Study. Archives of Iranian medicine 21:46-55.
44. Boreiri M, Samadi F, Etemadi A, et al (2013) Gastric cancer mortality in a high incidence area: long-term follow-up of Helicobacter pylori-related precancerous lesions in the general population. Archives of Iranian medicine 16:343-347.
45. Mohammadzadeh F, Noorkojuri H, Pourhoseingholi MA, et al (2015) Predicting the probability of mortality of gastric cancer patients using decision tree. Irish journal of medical science 184:277-284.
46. Karami N, Talebkhan Y, Saberi S, et al (2013) Seroreactivity to Helicobacter pylori antigens as a risk indicator of gastric cancer. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 14:1813-1817.
47. Mirmajidi SH, Ataee R, Barzegar A, et al (2015) Low Expression of the bcl2 Gene in Gastric Adenocarcinomas in Mazandaran Province of Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 16:6067-6071.
48. Sadighi S, Raafat J, Mohagheghi M, et al (2005) Gastric carcinoma: 5 year experience of a single institute. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 6:195-196.
49. Roshanaei G, Ghannad MS, Safari M, et al (2012) Prediction of time to recurrence and influencing factors for gastric cancer in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 13:2639-2642.
50. Maroufizadeh S, Hajizadeh E, Baghestani AR, et al (2011) Multivariate analysis of prognostic factors in gastric cancer patients using additive hazards regression models. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 12:1697-1702.
51. Roshanaei G, Kazemnejad A, Sadighi S (2011) Assessment of risk factors affecting recurrence of patients with gastric cancer in the presence of informative censoring in Iran. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 12:2443-2446.
52. POURHOSSEIN GM, Faghihzadeh S, HAJIZADEH A, et al (2011) Trend analysis of gastric cancer and colorectal cancer mortality in Iran, 1995-2003.
53. Amoueian S, Attaranzadeh A, Montazer M (2015) Intratumoral CD68-, CD117-, CD56-, and CD1a-positive immune cells and the survival of Iranian patients with non-metastatic intestinal-type gastric carcinoma. Pathology, research and practice 211:326-331.
54. Bashash M, Yavari P, Hislop TG, et al (2011) Comparison of two diverse populations, British Columbia, Canada, and Ardabil, Iran, indicates several variables associated with gastric and esophageal cancer survival. Journal of gastrointestinal cancer 42:40-45.
55. Sheikh AF, Yadyad MJ, Goodarzi H, et al (2018) CagA and vacA allelic combination of Helicobacter pylori in gastroduodenal disorders. Microbial pathogenesis 122:144-150.
56. Latifi-Navid S, Mohammadi S, Maleki P, et al (2013) Helicobacter pylori vacA d1/-i1 genotypes and geographic differentiation between high and low incidence areas of gastric cancer in Iran. Archives of Iranian medicine 16:330-337.
57. Talebi Bezmin Abadi A, Rafiei A, Ajami A, et al (2011) Helicobacter pylori homB, but not cagA, is associated with gastric cancer in Iran. Journal of clinical microbiology 49:3191-3197.
58. Samadi F, NASR ED, Sajadi A, et al (2007) Survival rate of gastric and esophageal cancers in Ardabil province, North-West of Iran.
59. Sepideh S, Mohammadreza JN, Ali D, et al (2012) Study of the Murine Double Minute 2 status in patients with gastric and colorectal carcinomas and its correlation with prognostic factors. Indian journal of pathology & microbiology 55:192-195.
60. Moradi G, Karimi K, Esmailnasab N, et al (2016) Survival of Patients with Stomach Cancer and its Determinants in Kurdistan. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP 17:3243-3248.
61. Sotoudeh K, Hashemi F, Madjd Z, et al (2012) The clinicopathologic association of c-MET overexpression in Iranian gastric carcinomas; an immunohistochemical study of tissue microarrays. Diagnostic pathology 7:57.
62. Pasechnikov V, Chukov S, Fedorov E, et al (2014) Gastric cancer: prevention, screening and early diagnosis. World journal of gastroenterology 20:13842-13862
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 14 No 4 (2022) | |
| Section | Reviews | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v14i4.14675 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Gastric Cancer Incidence Prognostic Factors Survival Iran | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Ghaletaki R, Rezaei S, Moghaddam S, Daneshi N, Raee A, Jafari F. Incidence, Prognostic Factors, and Survival of Gastric Cancer in Iran: A review of evidence. Basic Clin Cancer Res. 2023;14(4):233-248.
