Giant Cell Variant of Glioblastoma Multiforme: Report of a Rare Variant in a Child
Abstract
Malignant glial tumors are rare in children. Giant cell variant is a rare subtype of glioblastoma, accounting for about 0.8% of brain tumors and 5% of glioblastoma tumors. Giant cell glioblastoma is a male predominant tumor in children and adults. Due to the low prevalence of this variant, available information is limited. An 11-year-old female child was referred with a chief complaint of a progressive persistent headache. MRI showed a well-defined cystic lesion with a solid mural component in the right parietal lobe with a compression effect on the ipsilateral ventricular system. Surgery was done. After the pathologist reported glioblastoma multiforme, a giant cell variant, the patient received 30 sessions of radiation therapy. The patient was readmitted 18 months later with a headache, and the pathologist confirmed the recurrence of the tumor. Based on radiology, the giant cell glioblastoma cannot be distinguished from the common subtype glioblastoma. The pathologists must be aware of this entity, and histologic differential diagnoses are warranted for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic purposes.
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13. Martinez-Diaz H, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Powell SZ, Yachnis AT. Giant cell glioblastoma and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma show different immunohistochemical profiles for neuronal antigens and p53 but share reactivity for class III beta-tubulin. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003;127(9):1187-91.
14. Ogawa K, Kurose A, Kamataki A, Asano K, Katayama K, Kurotaki H. Giant cell glioblastoma is a distinctive subtype of glioma characterized by vulnerability to DNA damage. Brain Tumor Pathol. 2020;37(1):5-13.
15. Belsuzarri TA, Araujo JF, Catanoce AP, Neves MW, Sola RA, Navarro JN, et al. Giant cells glioblastoma: case report and pathological analysis from this uncommon subtype of glioma. Rare Tumors. 2015;7(1):5634.
16. Jue TR, Olafson LR, Siddell AH, Rapkins RW, Ng B, Yin JXM, et al. A case study of a long-term glioblastoma survivor with unmethylated MGMT and hypermutated genotype. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud. 2019;5(3).
17. Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Aisner DL, Birks DK, Foreman NK. Epithelioid GBMs show a high percentage of BRAF V600E mutation. Am J Surg Pathol. 2013;37(5):685-98.
18. Deb P, Sharma MC, Chander B, Mahapatra AK, Sarkar C. Giant cell glioblastoma multiforme: report of a case with prolonged survival and transformation to gliosarcoma. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(3):314-9.
19. Georgiu C, Mihu TE, Raus I, Mirescu SC, Szabo L, Sovrea AS. Pediatric glioblastoma with giant cells and "supratentorial" primitive neuroectodermal component - case report and review of the literature. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2015;56(3):1165-71.
20. Li ZG, Zheng MY, Zhao Q, Liu K, Du JX, Zhang SW. Solitary vertebral metastatic glioblastoma in the absence of primary brain tumor relapse: a case report and literature review. BMC Med Imaging. 2020;20(1):89.
2. Reddy SV, Kaiser AE, Liuzzi FJ. Characterization and Histological Examination of a Rare Giant Cell Glioblastoma. Cureus. 2020;12(7):e9237.
3. Mishra SS, Behera SK, Dhir MK, Senapati SB. Cerebellar giant cell glioblastoma multiforme in an adult. J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2014;5(3):295-7.
4. Borkar SA, Lakshmiprasad G, Subbarao KC, Sharma MC, Mahapatra AK. Giant cell glioblastoma in the pediatric age group: Report of two cases. J Pediatr Neurosci. 2013;8(1):38-40.
5. Satyarthee GD, Mahapatra AK. Giant pediatric glioblastoma multiforme causing primary calvarial erosion and sutural diastasis presenting with enlarged head. J Pediatr Neurosci. 2015;10(3):290-3.
6. Mahvash M, Hugo HH, Maslehaty H, Mehdorn HM, Stark AM. Glioblastoma multiforme in children: report of 13 cases and review of the literature. Pediatr Neurol. 2011;45(3):178-80.
7. Arcega R, Yong WH, Xu H. Malignant melanoma mimicking giant cell variant of glioblastoma multiforme: a case report and review of literature. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2015;8(5):5929-33.
8. Ansari M, Nasrolahi H, Kani AA, Mohammadianpanah M, Ahmadloo N, Omidvari S, et al. Pediatric glioblastoma multiforme: A single-institution experience. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol. 2012;33(3):155-60.
9. Taraszewska A, Bogucki J, Powała A, Matyja E. Giant cell glioblastoma with unique bilateral cerebellopontine angle localization considered as extraaxial tumor growth in a patient with neurofibromatosis T 1. Clin Neuropathol. 2013 Jan-Feb; 32(1):58-65.
10. Jain SK, Sundar IV, Sinha VD, Sharma V, Bhasme V, Goel RS. Giant cell glioblastoma in a child: A rare case report. Asian J Neurosurg. 2012;7(3):144-6.
11. Karremann M, Butenhoff S, Rausche U, Pietsch T, Wolff JE, Kramm CM. Pediatric giant cell glioblastoma: New insights into a rare tumor entity. Neuro Oncol. 2009;11(3):323-9.
12. Mesquita Filho PM, Espanhol RA, Azambuja Jr ND, Varela DL, Rodriguez R. Multicentric giant cell glioblastoma: case report and revision of the literature. Neurosurgery Quarterly. 2016 Feb 1;26(1):64-8.
13. Martinez-Diaz H, Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Powell SZ, Yachnis AT. Giant cell glioblastoma and pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma show different immunohistochemical profiles for neuronal antigens and p53 but share reactivity for class III beta-tubulin. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003;127(9):1187-91.
14. Ogawa K, Kurose A, Kamataki A, Asano K, Katayama K, Kurotaki H. Giant cell glioblastoma is a distinctive subtype of glioma characterized by vulnerability to DNA damage. Brain Tumor Pathol. 2020;37(1):5-13.
15. Belsuzarri TA, Araujo JF, Catanoce AP, Neves MW, Sola RA, Navarro JN, et al. Giant cells glioblastoma: case report and pathological analysis from this uncommon subtype of glioma. Rare Tumors. 2015;7(1):5634.
16. Jue TR, Olafson LR, Siddell AH, Rapkins RW, Ng B, Yin JXM, et al. A case study of a long-term glioblastoma survivor with unmethylated MGMT and hypermutated genotype. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud. 2019;5(3).
17. Kleinschmidt-DeMasters BK, Aisner DL, Birks DK, Foreman NK. Epithelioid GBMs show a high percentage of BRAF V600E mutation. Am J Surg Pathol. 2013;37(5):685-98.
18. Deb P, Sharma MC, Chander B, Mahapatra AK, Sarkar C. Giant cell glioblastoma multiforme: report of a case with prolonged survival and transformation to gliosarcoma. Childs Nerv Syst. 2006;22(3):314-9.
19. Georgiu C, Mihu TE, Raus I, Mirescu SC, Szabo L, Sovrea AS. Pediatric glioblastoma with giant cells and "supratentorial" primitive neuroectodermal component - case report and review of the literature. Rom J Morphol Embryol. 2015;56(3):1165-71.
20. Li ZG, Zheng MY, Zhao Q, Liu K, Du JX, Zhang SW. Solitary vertebral metastatic glioblastoma in the absence of primary brain tumor relapse: a case report and literature review. BMC Med Imaging. 2020;20(1):89.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 12 No 3 (2020) | |
| Section | Case Reports | |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.18502/bccr.v12i3.5771 | |
| Keywords | ||
| Giant cell Glioblastoma Child | ||
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
How to Cite
1.
Aminparast Z, Ramezani M. Giant Cell Variant of Glioblastoma Multiforme: Report of a Rare Variant in a Child. Basic Clin Cancer Res. 2021;12(3):153-158.
