Nanohybrid Platform of Functionalized Graphene Oxide for Chemo-Photothermal Therapy
-
Mohadeseh Hashemi
,
Meisam Omidi
,
Javad Mohammadi
,
Mohammad Shalbaf
,
Javad Shabani Shayeh
,
Mohammad Ali Mohagheghi
Abstract
Background: Despite the enormous effort has been done for cancer therapy, fabricating targeted drug delivery platform which can effectively eliminate cancer is a challenge.Methods: In this study, we have developed a novel platform composed of graphene oxide (GO), poly-l-lysine (PLL), Herceptin (Her) and doxorubicin (DOX) for chemo-photothermal therapy. GO has been prepared using the hummers method. The morphology of the prepared carriers has studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The successful conjugation of PLL and Her to the surface of GO has been examined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). DOX loading on GO sheets was characterized using UV-Vis absorption spectra. MTT and live/dead assay have been dministrated to study the synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy potential of the carries. Results: FTIR shows the successful conjugation of the PLL and Herceptin to the GO surface. TGA analysis suggests that, in comparison to GO, GO-PLL has higher thermal stability. In addition, DOX loading efficiency is around 78.5 ± 4.3 %. Also, Live /dead and MTT assays reveal that the introduced carrier can effectively kill cancerous cells via chemo-photothermal effects. Conclusion: Our results have suggested that the novel carrier is a versatile platform for chemophotothermal therapy application.Novoselov KS, Geim AK, Morozov SV, Jiang D, Katsnelson MI, Grigorieva IV, et al. Two-dimensional gas of massless Dirac fermions in graphene. Nature. 2005;438(7065):197-200.
Schwierz F. Graphene transistors. Nat Nanotechnol. 2010;5(7):487-96.
Sun J, Lee HW, Pasta M, Yuan H, Zheng G, Sun Y, et al. A phosphorene-graphene hybrid material as a high-capacity anode for sodium-ion batteries. Nat Nanotechnol. 2015;10(11):980-5.
Chung C, Kim YK, Shin D, Ryoo SR, Hong BH, Min DH. Biomedical applications of graphene and graphene oxide. Acc Chem Res. 2013;46(10):2211-24.
Zhang W, Guo Z, Huang D, Liu Z, Guo X, Zhong H. Synergistic effect of chemo-photothermal therapy using PEGylated graphene oxide. Biomaterials. 2011;32(33):8555-61.
Robinson JT, Tabakman SM, Liang Y, Wang H, Casalongue HS, Vinh D, et al. Ultrasmall reduced graphene oxide with high near-infrared absorbance for photothermal therapy. J Am Chem Soc. 2011;133(17):6825-31.
Li D, Kaner RB. Materials science. Graphene-based materials. Science. 2008;320(5880):1170-1.
Hashemi M, Yadegari A, Yazdanpanah G, Jabbehdari S, Omidi M, Tayebi L. Functionalized R9–reduced graphene oxide as an efficient nano-carrier for hydrophobic drug delivery. RSC Advances. 2016;6(78):74072-84.
Hashemi M, Omidi M, Muralidharan B, Smyth H, Mohagheghi MA, Mohammadi J, et al. Evaluation of the Photothermal Properties of a Reduced Graphene Oxide/Arginine Nanostructure for Near-Infrared Absorption. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017;9(38):32607-20.
Hu H, Wang X, Lee KI, Ma K, Hu H, Xin JH. Graphene oxide-enhanced sol-gel transition sensitivity and drug release performance of an amphiphilic copolymer-based nanocomposite. Sci Rep. 2016;6:31815.
Singh SK, Singh MK, Nayak MK, Kumari S, Shrivastava S, Gracio JJ, et al. Thrombus inducing property of atomically thin graphene oxide sheets. ACS Nano. 2011;5(6):4987-96.
Singh SK, Singh MK, Kulkarni PP, Sonkar VK, Gracio JJ, Dash D. Amine-modified graphene: thrombo-protective safer alternative to graphene oxide for biomedical applications. ACS Nano. 2012;6(3):2731-40.
Shim G, Kim JY, Han J, Chung SW, Lee S, Byun Y, et al. Reduced graphene oxide nanosheets coated with an anti-angiogenic anticancer low-molecular-weight heparin derivative for delivery of anticancer drugs. J Control Release. 2014;189:80-9.
Stankovich S, Dikin DA, Piner RD, Kohlhaas KA, Kleinhammes A, Jia Y, et al. Synthesis of graphene-based nanosheets via chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide. carbon. 2007;45(7):1558-65.
Vives E, Brodin P, Lebleu B. A truncated HIV-1 Tat protein basic domain rapidly translocates through the plasma membrane and accumulates in the cell nucleus. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 1997;272(25):16010-7.
Elmquist A, Lindgren M, Bartfai T, Langel U. VE-cadherin-derived cell-penetrating peptide, pVEC, with carrier functions. Exp Cell Res. 2001;269(2):237-44.
Futaki S, Suzuki T, Ohashi W, Yagami T, Tanaka S, Ueda K, et al. Arginine-rich peptides. An abundant source of membrane-permeable peptides having potential as carriers for intracellular protein delivery. J Biol Chem. 2001;276(8):5836-40.
Madani F, Lindberg S, Langel U, Futaki S, Graslund A. Mechanisms of cellular uptake of cell-penetrating peptides. J Biophys. 2011;2011:414729.
Wender PA, Mitchell DJ, Pattabiraman K, Pelkey ET, Steinman L, Rothbard JB. The design, synthesis, and evaluation of molecules that enable or enhance cellular uptake: peptoid molecular transporters. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000;97(24):13003-8.
Hinshaw J, Prestwich G. The design, synthesis, and evaluation of molecules that enable or enhance cellular uptake: Peptoid molecular transporters. Chemtracts. 2001;14(7):391-4.
Xu Y, Bai H, Lu G, Li C, Shi G. Flexible graphene films via the filtration of water-soluble noncovalent functionalized graphene sheets. J Am Chem Soc. 2008;130(18):5856-7.
Hashemi M, Omidi M, Muralidharan B, Smyth H, Mohagheghi MA, Mohammadi J, et al. Evaluation of the Photothermal Properties of a Reduced Graphene Oxide/Arginine Nanostructure for Near-Infrared Absorption. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2017;9(38):32607-20.
Xiong L, Shen B, Behera D, Gambhir SS, Chin FT, Rao J. Synthesis of ligand-functionalized water-soluble [18F]YF3 nanoparticles for PET imaging. Nanoscale. 2013;5(8):3253-6.
Xu Z, Wang S, Li Y, Wang M, Shi P, Huang X. Covalent functionalization of graphene oxide with biocompatible poly(ethylene glycol) for delivery of paclitaxel. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2014;6(19):17268-76.
Krikorian V, Kurian M, Galvin ME, Nowak AP, Deming TJ, Pochan DJ. Polypeptide-based nanocomposite: Structure and properties of poly (L-lysine)/Na+-montmorillonite. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics. 2002;40(22):2579-86.
Park S, An J, Potts JR, Velamakanni A, Murali S, Ruoff RS. Hydrazine-reduction of graphite-and graphene oxide. Carbon. 2011;49(9):3019-23.
Wang Y, Liu J, Liu L, Sun DD. High-quality reduced graphene oxide-nanocrystalline platinum hybrid materials prepared by simultaneous co-reduction of graphene oxide and chloroplatinic acid. Nanoscale research letters. 2011;6(1):241.
Sawosz E, Jaworski S, Kutwin M, Vadalasetty KP, Grodzik M, Wierzbicki M, et al. Graphene Functionalized with Arginine Decreases the Development of Glioblastoma Multiforme Tumor in a Gene-Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci. 2015;16(10):25214-33.
Hashemi M, Omidi M, Muralidharan B, Tayebi L, Herpin MJ, Mohagheghi MA, et al. Layer-by-layer assembly of graphene oxide on thermosensitive liposomes for photo-chemotherapy. Acta Biomater. 2018;65:376-92.
Tong L, Wei Q, Wei A, Cheng JX. Gold nanorods as contrast agents for biological imaging: optical properties, surface conjugation and photothermal effects. Photochemistry and photobiology. 2009;85(1):21-32.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 10 No 4 (2018) | |
| Section | Original Articles | |
| Keywords | ||
| Herceptin Ploy (L-lysine) Graphene oxide | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
