Epidemiological and Etiological Factors Associated with Oropharyngeal Cancers in Tehran
-
Mehdi Ghandehari Motlagh
,
Ahmad Jafari
,
Ghasem Meighani
,
Pouryia Motahhary
,
Farshad Moradi
,
Shamsoulmolouk Najafi
Abstract
Background and Aim: Oropharyngeal cancer is a significant cause of death and disability worldwide. In Iran it is the 13th and 17th most common cancer found in men and women, respectively. The aim of this study was to investigate etiological factors and clinical features of lesions related to oropharyngeal cancers over a 5-year period in Tehran.Materials and Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study, 256 cases were selected from 5 clinical and educational cancer centres. Study forms were completed by collecting information from medical records; incomplete files were filled in by contacting patients by phone. The International Classification of Disease for Oncology coding system (ICD-O) was used to determine the type of malignant lesion, and SPSS software was used for data analysis.Results: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was the most commonly identified lesion (70.3%). The most common site of malignancy in the mouth was the tongue (25.8%). The ratio of disease incidence in men compared w th women was almost 2:1. The mean age of patients was 60 years. Alcohol, drug and tobacco consumption were the most important factors in the development of oropharyngeal cancer.Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated that the most common malignancy in the mouth and pharynx was SCC. As with previous studies, we found that the ratio of disease occurrence was almost 2:1 for men compared with women. Referral of patients to specialized centres will make considerable progress towards controlling and managing these cancers.Health and Medical Education Ministry. National report on cancer patient registration. Managing centre of the Health and Medical Education Ministry. Tehran. 1996.
Werning JW. Oral cancer: diagnosis, management, and rehabilitation; chapter 1- epidemiology of oral cancer. Thieme Medical Publishers Inc. New York, USA 2007. World ISBN: 978-3-13 135811 0.
Bhurgri Y. Cancer of the oral cavity trends in Karachi south (1995-2002). Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2005 Jul-Sep; 6(2):420.
Gillison ML. Current topics in the epidemiology of oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers. Head Neck 2007:29:779-99.
Llewellyn CD, Johnson MW, Warna kulasuriya KA. Risk factors for oral cancers in newly diagnosed patients aged 45 years and younger: a case-control study in southern England. J Oral Pathol Med 2004 Oct; 33(9) 525-32.
Ahmadi Moussavi MR, Damghani MA, Haghdoust AA. Opium and risk of laryngeal cancer. The Laryngoscope 2003. 113:1939-43.
Guneri P, Cankaya H, Yavuzer A. Primary oral cancer in a Turkish population sample: association with socideomographic features, smoking, alcohol, diet and dentition. Oral Oncol 2005 Nov; 41(10): 1005-12.
Tongzhang Z, Boyle P, Huangfang HU. Dentition, oral hygiene, and risk of oral cancer: a case-control study in Beijing. People’s Republic of China. Cancer Cause Control 1990 Nov; 1(2):351-41.
Kufe DW, Pollock RE, Weichselbaum RR, et al. Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, 6th edition. ISBN-10: 1-55009-213-8. 2003, BC Decker Inc. Chapter 86, Head and Neck Cancer. People's Medical Publishing House USA.
Casiglia J, Woo SB. A comprehensive review of oral cancer. Gen Dent. 2001 Jan-Feb;49(1):72-82. PMID: 12004680 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE].
Gnepp DR. Diagnosis surgical pathology of the head and neck. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Sanders, 2000: pages 28,48. 376.
Sargeran K, Murtommaa H, Safavi SM, Vehkalahti M, Teronen O. Malignant oral tumors in Iran: ten-year analysis of patients and tumor characteristics of 1042 patients in Tehran. J Cranifac Surg. 2006 Nov; 17(6):1230-3.
Hobdell M, Petersen PE, Clarkson J, Johnson N. Global goals for oral health 2020. International Dental Journal 2003; 53: 285–288.
Lindqvist C. Risk factors in lip cancer: a questionnaire survey. Am J Epidemiol 1979 May; 109(5) 521-30.
Werning, JW. Oral cancer: diagnosis, management, and rehabilitation. New York, N.Y., Thieme Medical Publishers, Chapter 11. 2007.
Keihani A. Tongue tumors. Tehran; Hekmah publications; 1st Ed; 2000. 131-5, 141-3.
Gorsky M, Epstein JB, Oakley C, Le ND, Hay J, Stevenson-Moore P. Carcinoma of the tongue: A case series analysis of clinical presentation, risk factors, staging and outcome. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2004; 98:546-52.
Weing BM, Hymas VJ, Haffner DK. Nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma: a clinicopathological study of low grade carcinoma. Am J Surg Pathol 1988; 12:949-53.
Kowalski LP, CarvalhoAL, Martins Priante AV, Magrin J. Predictive factors for distant metastasis from oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2005 May; 41(5):534-41.
Chen YK, Huang HC, Lin LM, Lin CC. Primary oral squamous cell carcinoma: an analysis of 703 cases in southern Taiwan. Oral Oncol 1999 Mar; 35(2): 173-9.
Chiesa F, Mauri S, Tradati N, Calabrese L, Giugliano G, Ansarin M. Surfing prognostic factors in head and neck cancer in the millennium. Oral Oncol 1999; 35: 590-6.
Hashibe M, Brennan P, Benhamou S, Castellsagu S. Alcohol drinking in never users of tobacco, cigarette smoking in never drinkers, and the risk of head and neck cancer; pooled analysis in the International Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Consortium. J Nati Cancer Inst 2008 Feb 6; 100(3): 225.
Subapriya R, Thangavelu A, Mathavan B, Ramachadran CR, Nagini S. Assessment of risk factors for oral squamous cell carcinoma in Chidambaran, southern India: a case-control study. Eur J Cancer Prev 2007 Jun; 16(2): 251-6.
Mork J, Moller B, Glattre E. Familial risk in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed before the age of 45: a population-based study. Oral Oncol 1999; 35:360-7.
Copper M P, Jovanovic A, Nauta JJ. Role of genetic factors in the etiology of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. Arch Otalaryngol Head Neck Surg 1995; 121:157-60.
Antoniades DZ, Styanidis K, Papanayotou P, Trigonidis G. Squamous cell carcinoma of the lips in a northern Greek population. Evaluation of prognostic factors on a 5-year survival rate-I. Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol 1995 Sep; 31B 333-9.
Guerin S, Guibout C, Shamsaldin A. Concomitant chemo-radiotherapy and local dose of radiation as risk factors for second malignant neoplasms after solid cancer in childhood: a case-control study. Int J Cancer 2007 Jan; 120(1): 96-102.
| Files | ||
| Issue | Vol 4 No 3&4 (2012) | |
| Section | Original Articles | |
| Keywords | ||
| Oral and pharyngeal cancer etiological factors ICD-O coding system SCC epidemiology | ||
| Rights and permissions | |
|
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
