Tehran University of Medical Sciences Basic & Clinical Cancer Research 2228-6527 13 1 2021 11 12 The Combination of Genistein and Imatinib has an Increased Effect on Cell Proliferation Inhibition in Philadelphia Positive Leukemia Cell Lines 21 29 EN Ebrahim Azizi Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran. Alireza Biglari Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran Ali Abolhassani Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Saeid Amanpour Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Samad Muhammadnejad Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Mahnaz Haddadi Cancer Biology Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Mojtaba Saffari Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran Ali Eslamifar Clinical Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Reza Shirkoohi cancer institute of Iran- Cancer Research Center (CRC) 2018 06 23 2021 08 17 Background: This study investigated the possible role of Genistein as a combination with Imatinib in controlling leukemia cell line proliferation. Methods: Three cell lines, K562, Kcl22, and CCRF, were cultured and analyzed for MTT, LDH, apoptosis, and cycle cell gene expression in the presence of different dosages of Imatinib and Genistein in combination or separately. Results: Data has shown a decrease in proliferation and an increase in apoptosis activity during combination treatment. LDH assay has shown no additional toxicity due to Genistein consumption in combination therapy. Analysis of the expression of responsible genes for cell cycle demonstrated both G1 (p53, p21 upregulation) and G2 (cdc25c downregulation) inhibitory effect in combination treatment. Conclusion: Altogether, this study suggests thatthe combination treatment of Imatinib and Genistein for leukemia cells resistant to Imatinib can increase treatment efficiency. https://bccr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/bccrj/article/view/291 https://bccr.tums.ac.ir/index.php/bccrj/article/download/291/492